Physicochemical properties, proline content and furanic compounds of stingless bee honey marketed in Malaysia. Elsevier, 121. pp. 1-10. ISSN 0889-1575 (2023)
Abstract
This study demonstrated a comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical properties (moisture content, pH, free
acidity, conductivity, colour intensity, and colour characteristics), proline content and furanic compounds in
Malaysian stingless bee honey (SBH). Results revealed that SBH contains higher moisture content (28.6 ± 3.6%),
greater conductivity (0.72 ± 0.16 mS cm− 1
), higher acidity (pH; 3.31 ± 0.26, free acidity; 135.4 ± 60.0 meq
kg− 1
), and light amber (Pfund values of 60.5 ± 15.7 mm) with colour intensities ranging from 18.1 to 177.3
mAu. These results indicated the analysed SBH failed to meet the Codex Alimentarius standard for moisture
content, free acidity, and conductivity. The proline content was ranging from 38.8 to 797.2 mg kg− 1
, with 88% of
samples meeting minimum limit outlined by the International Honey Commission. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
(HMF), 5-methylfurfural, and 2-furfural were determined using a validated micellar electrokinetic chromatography–diode array detector method. HMF was found in most SBH (21.5–545.7 mg kg− 1), and on average higher
than reported values for Apis spp. honey. Principal component analysis revealed that SBH was differentiable from
other honey varieties on the basis of their physicochemical properties. This comprehensive dataset can potentially serve as an important reference for local SBH producers or legislation bodies in standardising SBH quality.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Keywords: | Stingless bee honey, Proline, Malaysian honey |
| Taxonomy: | By Niche > Kelulut (Stingless Bee) > Ecology By Niche > Kelulut (Stingless Bee) > Research |
| Local Content Hub: | Niche > Kelulut (Stingless Bee) |
| Depositing User: | Nor Azimahwati Aris |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Apr 2025 03:41 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Apr 2025 03:41 |
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