Chemical profile, physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of Malaysian Propolis: insights from honeybee and stingless bee. Chemical Profile, Physicochemical Propertiesand Antioxidant Activity of Malaysian Propolis: Insights from Honeybee and Stingless Bee, 13 (1). pp. 1-9. ISSN 2462-2052 (2025)
Abstract
This study investigated the chemical composition, physicochemical properties and antioxidantactivities of propolis from two distinct bee species, Apis dorsata(honeybees) and Heterotrigona itama(stingless bees), collected from different regions in Malaysia. The chemical profile of propolis samples was examined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy while metabolite identification was performed using AssureNMR™ 2.0. Additionally, a range of physicochemical analyses was conducted to determine pH, moisture, lipid, resinand wax contents. Determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) was carried out using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. Antioxidant activities were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The NMR analysis revealed distinct chemical compositions betweenA. dorsataand H. itamapropolis.Notably, α-D-glucose was prominent in A. dorsatapropolis, whereasH. itamapropolis exhibited higher levels of L-lactic acid and phenolic compounds. H. itamapropolis also demonstrated significantly higher levels of resin, lipid, and wax contents, coupled with lower moisture content compared to A. dorsatapropolis. Additionally, H. itamapropolis extract exhibited significantly higher TFC and antioxidant activities compared to A. dorsata. A significant and strong correlation between TPC, TFCand the antioxidant properties of propolis was observed. These findings suggest that H. itamapropolis exhibits promising antioxidant efficacy, warranting further research to identify its specific compounds and potential health applications.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Keywords: | Propolis, Heterotrigona itama, Apis dorsata, Antioxidant, Phytochemical, Physicochemical |
| Taxonomy: | By Niche > Kelulut (Stingless Bee) > Culture By Niche > Kelulut (Stingless Bee) > Ecology By Niche > Kelulut (Stingless Bee) > Physiology By Niche > Kelulut (Stingless Bee) > Products Therapeutic Use By Niche > Kelulut (Stingless Bee) > Research |
| Local Content Hub: | Niche > Kelulut (Stingless Bee) |
| Depositing User: | Ayuzawahie Amran |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Oct 2025 08:10 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Oct 2025 08:10 |
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